Are tariffs and protectionist policies good for a country's economy?

Context

Tariffs are taxes on imported goods designed to protect domestic industries from foreign competition, while protectionist policies broadly restrict trade to shield local producers. Economists debate their effects: supporters argue they protect jobs and infant industries, while critics contend they raise consumer prices, invite retaliation, and reduce overall economic efficiency. The debate has intensified in recent years as major economies, particularly the United States, have deployed tariffs as tools of trade and industrial policy.