Does central planning inevitably lead to economic failure and human suffering?

Context

Central planning refers to an economic system where a government authority makes most production and distribution decisions, rather than markets. The debate over its viability has shaped 20th-century history, from the Soviet Union's rapid industrialization to its eventual collapse, and remains relevant as economists assess trade-offs between state coordination and market efficiency. Today, the question resurfaces in discussions about industrial policy, climate action, and whether mixed economies can harness planning's benefits while avoiding its pitfalls.