“No, Xi operates within system constraints”
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Xi Jinping has consolidated power in China since 2012, eliminating term limits in 2018 and centralizing control over the Communist Party, military, and state apparatus. Vladimir Putin has similarly concentrated authority in Russia through constitutional changes and suppression of opposition. The comparison reflects global concern about authoritarian governance, though China and Russia operate through distinct systems—one a one-party state, the other formally multi-party—making direct equivalence contested among analysts.