Should foreign nationals be allowed to influence domestic politics through lobbying and donations?

Context

Foreign nationals' ability to influence domestic politics through lobbying and campaign donations raises fundamental questions about sovereignty, democratic representation, and fair elections. Most democracies restrict such activities—the U.S. prohibits foreign nationals from making political donations and requires foreign agents to register—yet enforcement remains inconsistent and loopholes persist. The debate intensifies as globalization increases cross-border capital flows and foreign governments deploy sophisticated influence operations, forcing policymakers to balance openness to international engagement with protection of electoral integrity.